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    LAB MARKER GUIDE

    What every number on your blood test actually means

    46 common lab markers, each explained in plain English: what it measures, the everyday reasons it runs low or high, and the questions worth bringing to your doctor. No jargon, no scare language.

    Educational only — not medical advice.

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    Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP)

    A broad snapshot of how your body is running day to day — blood sugar, kidney and liver function, and the electrolytes that keep fluids balanced.

    GlucoseLow & high, explainedBUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen)Low & high, explainedCreatinineLow & high, explainedeGFR (Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate)Low & high, explainedSodiumLow & high, explainedPotassiumLow & high, explainedChlorideLow & high, explainedCO2 (Bicarbonate)Low & high, explainedCalciumLow & high, explainedAlbuminLow & high, explainedTotal ProteinLow & high, explainedBilirubin (Total)Low & high, explainedALT (Alanine Aminotransferase)Low & high, explainedAST (Aspartate Aminotransferase)Low & high, explainedALP (Alkaline Phosphatase)Low & high, explained

    Complete Blood Count (CBC)

    Counts the cells in your blood: red cells that carry oxygen, white cells that fight infection, and platelets that help clotting.

    WBC (White Blood Cell Count)Low & high, explainedRBC (Red Blood Cell Count)Low & high, explainedHemoglobinLow & high, explainedHematocritLow & high, explainedPlateletsLow & high, explainedMCV (Mean Corpuscular Volume)Low & high, explainedMCH (Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin)Low & high, explainedMCHC (Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration)Low & high, explainedRDW (Red Cell Distribution Width)Low & high, explainedNeutrophilsLow & high, explainedLymphocytesLow & high, explained

    Lipid Panel

    The fats in your blood — cholesterol and triglycerides — that shape long-term heart and blood-vessel health.

    Total CholesterolLow & high, explainedLDL CholesterolLow & high, explainedHDL CholesterolLow & high, explainedTriglyceridesLow & high, explained

    Metabolic & Hormone Markers

    How your body handles sugar over time, plus the chemical messengers that influence energy, mood, sleep, and reproductive health.

    Hemoglobin A1cLow & high, explainedTSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone)Low & high, explainedFree T4Low & high, explainedTotal TestosteroneLow & high, explainedEstradiolLow & high, explainedCortisolLow & high, explainedUric AcidLow & high, explained

    Nutrients & Inflammation

    Nutrient stores your body draws on for energy, nerves, bones, and immunity — plus general signals that the immune system is more active than usual.

    FerritinLow & high, explainedSerum IronLow & high, explainedTIBC (Total Iron-Binding Capacity)Low & high, explainedVitamin D (25-Hydroxy)Low & high, explainedVitamin B12Low & high, explainedFolateLow & high, explainedMagnesiumLow & high, explainedCRP (C-Reactive Protein)Low & high, explainedESR (Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate)Low & high, explained

    Educational only — not medical advice. Lab results only mean something alongside your history, symptoms, medications, and the rest of your panel. Bring questions to your doctor; they are the one who can interpret your results for you.

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